DemandBridge

ERP Integrations

Connecting ERP to Your Accounting System

An ERP and an accounting system can both contain financial information without doing the same job.

That overlap is where integration decisions get messy.

An order may begin in ERP. Inventory, purchasing and fulfillment activity can change its financial position. Supplier costs arrive. The customer is invoiced. A payment is recorded. Somewhere in that process, financial information has to reach the system responsible for the company's books.

Before deciding how the systems connect, decide what each one owns.

Which system owns the customer record? Where is an invoice created? Where is a payment recorded? Which system is authoritative for the general ledger?

Without clear answers, an integration can simply make inconsistent information travel faster.

Decide what each system owns

Integration works better when information crosses the boundary for a specific reason.

ERP and the accounting system stay separate, each owning its own records. Three records cross the boundary between them: an invoice and a financial entry move from ERP to accounting, and a payment moves from accounting back to ERP.

ERP

  • Customer order
  • Purchasing
  • Fulfillment
  • Billing
Invoice
Payment
Financial entry

Accounting

  • Receivables
  • Payments
  • Financial records
  • General ledger
Clear ownership

Decide which system owns each record before deciding how it moves.

Decide what each system owns

Take a customer record.

ERP may need customer information for order entry, pricing, shipping and account activity. The accounting system may need information about the same customer for receivables and financial reporting.

That does not mean both systems should independently maintain everything.

One may own the operational customer record and send the accounting system what it needs. Certain financial fields may belong to the accounting platform. The arrangement depends on the systems and the business.

Ownership should be deliberate rather than something teams discover after the integration is running.

The same question applies to vendors, invoices, payments and other information shared between the two systems.

An order and an accounting entry are different things

ERP follows the work.

An order can change as it moves through purchasing, inventory, fulfillment and billing. Products may be added or removed. Supplier costs can arrive at different points. Shipping can change.

The accounting system may not need every event that happened along the way. It needs the financial information required to maintain the company's records.

That distinction makes the integration easier to define.

Instead of trying to keep two databases synchronized field for field, identify the business events that need to cross between them.

An invoice becomes ready to post.

A payment is received.

A supplier cost needs to reach the appropriate transaction.

Those events are much easier to reason about than a broad instruction to "sync ERP with accounting."

For more background on the ERP side of that process, see What Is ERP Software for Distributors?

Decide when information should move

Timing causes a surprising number of integration problems.

An order entered today may change tomorrow. An invoice may not be ready until work has been fulfilled. Supplier costs can arrive after other parts of the transaction are already complete.

Send information too early and somebody may have to correct it later. Send it too late and another team may be working without information it needs.

The trigger should reflect the workflow.

For one transaction, that may be shipment. For another, invoice posting. Payments have their own timing.

Those decisions belong in the integration design.

Give records a reliable way to recognize each other

Suppose ERP calls a customer C10482 and the accounting system knows the same company as DB-7319.

A person can look at the names and realize they refer to the same customer. Software needs something more reliable.

The same issue appears with vendors, invoices, orders and payments.

Names change. They can be entered differently. Two organizations can have similar names.

Stable identifiers and deliberate mappings give the systems a consistent way to recognize the same record.

Record mapping is easy to overlook during planning and painful to untangle later.

Plan for transactions that do not make it through

Integrations fail sometimes.

A required field can be missing. An identifier may not match. The receiving system can reject a transaction. A service can be temporarily unavailable.

What happens next matters more than pretending those situations will never occur.

  • Can somebody see what failed?
  • Will the integration retry?
  • Can the problem be corrected and the transaction sent again?
  • How do you prevent the retry from creating a duplicate?
  • And who is expected to deal with the exception?

Without that visibility, integration problems tend to surface somewhere else—often when finance or operations starts comparing records and finds that the systems disagree.

Reconciliation should not become the integration

There is nothing unusual about reconciling systems during an implementation or checking that a new integration behaves as expected.

The problem is when the workaround becomes permanent.

If somebody has to export transactions from ERP, export another set from accounting and compare the spreadsheets every week just to trust the integration, data may be moving but the process is not really finished.

People need to know what transferred successfully and what requires attention.

That is different from expecting two systems to contain identical data. They may have different responsibilities. The objective is to know that the information that should have crossed between them actually did.

Write down the workflow before writing the integration

A useful integration specification can begin in plain language.

Take an invoice.

  • Where is it created?
  • At what point is it considered ready?
  • What information does the accounting system need?
  • How will the two systems identify the same customer and invoice?
  • What comes back after the transaction is posted?
  • What happens if it fails?

Do the same exercise for the other transactions that genuinely need to cross the boundary.

This gives the technical team something much more useful than "connect ERP to accounting."

It also gives the business a way to test the result.

If nobody can explain what should happen to an invoice before the integration is built, it will be difficult to decide whether the integration is correct afterward.

How this relates to DemandBridge

ERP supports the order, inventory, purchasing, fulfillment, billing and financial workflows involved in distributor operations. Some organizations keep more of that financial work within their ERP environment; others connect ERP with separate business or accounting systems.

The architecture depends on which systems the business intends to keep and what each one is responsible for.

DemandBridge Services works with customers on implementation and integration requirements around those environments.

If you're planning that work, start by deciding what each system owns and what information genuinely needs to cross between them.